Book Riots Deals of the Day for July 31st, 2019

Book Riot’s Deals of the Day for July 31st, 2019 Sponsored by The Line Between by New York Times bestselling author Tosca Leeâ€"just $1.99 for a limited time. These deals were active as of this writing, but may expire soon, so get them while they’re hot! Todays  Featured Deals How to Write an Autobiographical Novel by Alexander Chee for $2.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. Liliths Brood: The Complete Xenogenesis Trilogy for $3.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. Defining Moments in Black History: Reading Between the Lies by Dick Gregory for $1.99. Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. In Case You Missed Yesterdays Most Popular Deals Girls of Paper and Fire by Natasha Ngan for $2.99.  Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. Feel Free by Zadie Smith for $3.99.  Get it here,  or just click on the cover image below. 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Fi515 Chapter 1 Mini Case - 2299 Words

MINI CASE a. Why is corporate finance important to all managers? Corporate finance is important to all managers because it provides managers the skills needed to identify and select the corporate strategies and individual projects that add value to their firm and forecast the funding requirements of their company and devise strategies for acquiring those funds. b. Describe the organizational forms a company might have as it evolves from a start-up to a major corporation. List the advantages and disadvantages of each form. The organizational forms a company might have as it evolves from a start-up to a major corporation are proprietorship, partnership, or corporation. The advantages of a proprietorship are: †¢ Easy and†¦show more content†¦Failure to handle these situations properly can lead to huge product liability suits and even bankruptcy. e. What three aspects of cash flows affect the value of any investment? The three aspects of cash flows the affect the value of any investment are the amount of expected cash flows, the timing of the cash flow stream, and the risk of the cash flows. f. What are free cash flows? Free cash flows are the monies available for distribution to all investors after paying current expenses, taxes, and making the investments necessary for growth. g. What is the weighted average cost of capital? The weighted average cost of capital is the rate that a company is expected to pay on average to all its security holders to finance its assets. h. How do free cash flows and the weighted average cost of capital interact to determine a firm’s value? Free Cash Flow = Sales Revenues – Operating Costs and Taxes – Required Investments in Operating Capital. Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is affected by market interest rates, market risk aversion, cost of debt, cost of equity, firm’s debt/equity mix, and firm’s business risk. Therefore, free cash flows and the weighted average cost of capital interact to determine a firm’s value by the following equation: Value = FCF1 + FCF2 + †¦ + FCF00 (1 + WACC)1 (1 + WACC)2 (1 + WACC)00 i. Who are the providers (savers) and users (borrowers) of capital? How is capital

The Great War - 1254 Words

The Great War The Great War, which is more commonly called World War I began on July 28, 1914 and lasted until November 11, 1918. It was a global war centered in Europe and involved more than 70 million military personnel. There were over 9 million combatants, and 7 million civilians died as a result of the war (Keegan, 1998). It was one of the deadliest recorded military conflicts in history, and was the reason for numerous major political changes. The main event that led to the spark of World War I was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Who was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne (Willmott, 2003). Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a friend to Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany, the two met in mid-June 1914 to discuss†¦show more content†¦The United States later declared war on German ally Austria-Hungary on December 7, 1917 (Keegan, 1998). Germany’s resumption of submarine attacks on passenger and merchant ships in 1917 became the primary motivation behind Wilson’s decis ion to lead the United States into World War I. Following the sinking of an unarmed French boat, the Sussex, in the English Channel in March 1916, Wilson threatened to sever diplomatic relations with Germany unless the German Government refrained from attacking all passenger ships and allowed the crews of enemy merchant vessels to abandon their ships prior to any attack. On May 4, 1916, the German Government accepted these terms and conditions (Keegan, 1998). This has come to be known as the Sussex Pledge. The situation in Germany had changed during January 1917. During a conference with representatives from the German Navy helped convince the military leadership and Kaiser Wilhelm that a resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare could help defeat Great Britain within a matter of months (History.com). German policymakers argued that they could violate the Sussex pledge since the United States could no longer be considered a neutral party after supplying ammunition and financial a ssistance to the Allies. German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg disagreed and believed that resuming submarine warfare would draw the United States into the war on behalf of the Allies (Willmott,Show MoreRelatedThe War Of The Great War1482 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Great War had ended, leaving mostly Western Europe scathed by conflict between nations. With groundbreaking technology the conflict proved to be one of the most devastating in world history, especially with the immense amount of casualties of over 38 million. Picking itself up from the ground that was stained with blood, Europe at the time did not have any idea of the conflict that would soon follow approximately twenty years after; another world war. It is the end of the first world war conflictRead MoreThe War Of The Great War Essay973 Words   |  4 Pages World War â…   was such a significant war in history, that contributed to many changes to the world today. From 1914 to 1918 the â€Å"Great War† was being fought between the central and allied forces. The trench warfare during the rough years provided a stalemate, a situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible. So, as a result the allied forces made a peace treaty to finally end the prolonged bloodshed. After five long years of nations constantly fighting, the allied forcesRead MoreThe War Of The Great War1421 Words   |  6 Pagesnations began World War I with a glamorous vision of war, only to be psychologically shattered by the realities of the trenches. The experience changed the way people referred to the glamour of battle; they treated it no longer as a positive quality but as a dangerous illusion.† Virginia Postrel The Great War began on July 28, 1914. There are several causes of the war and several of them start in the Balkans. The causes were political, territorial and economic conflicts among the great European powersRead MoreThe War Of The Great War1520 Words   |  7 Pages World War One, appropriately named the Great War in the heat of its battles, was the war that many thought would end all other wars. And at the time, it certainly seemed that would be the case. It was a new type of a war, there were new, terrifying weapons, leading to deaths in numbers unseen from previous wars. The battles dragged on, it became trench warfare. There seemed to be no end in sight for the longest time. But the war did end and the people and politicians of the 1920s were left to dealRead MoreThe War Of The Great War1553 Words   |  7 Pagesbills were proposed. However, in 1912, the third Home Rule bill was passed in Westminster, only to be suspended upon British entrance into the First World War. Irish members of Parliament that had been pushing for Home Rule for many years finally saw their plans come to fruition, only to be stalled by the outbreak of the Great War. This war was costly, and required significant support from the United Kingdom and it’s respec tive colonies. The actions of the British government helped to fuel radicalRead MoreThe War Of The Great War3373 Words   |  14 Pagesrace, and military plans created a perfect situation for a war in Europe, which would eventually become the Great War. With Germany, Great Britain, France, and Russia being the top powers in Europe, these countries would be the front runners in the discussion of the topics mentioned above and how their participation in those topics eventually led to the Great War. The order of topics to discuss that would ultimately lead to the Great War would be Imperialism being the spark that would lead to anRead MoreThe Great War Essay1454 Words   |  6 Pagesdisagree about the causes of the Great War as there are numerous different sources of the conflict, both long term and short term. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand is considered the catalyst that sparked the war but there are deeper, more complex reasons for its beginning. The extensive alli ance system throughout Europe, as well as the German foreign policy of expansionism helped to ignite what was a relatively small international conflict into a worldwide war. Imperial tensions also addedRead MoreThe Great War748 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"The Great War† On 28 June 1914, a Serbian shot an Austrian. Within six weeks, many of the countries of Europe had become involved in a war that was to cause the deaths of 10 million soldiers, but was the assassination the only cause of war? WWI wasnt just any war, it was also a new beginning and a new cause for a few of the european countries that had been involved. The end results for Germany had been the worst, which not only caused Germany to have a new purpose and have resentments,Read MoreThe Great War1416 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War One was a time of devastation for Europe. Many factors lead to great tensions in Europe, sparking the desideratum for a war. This war, other sagacious ken as The Great War, occurred in 1914 until 1918. It had many famous battles, such as The Battle of Tannenberg, a battle of many casualties, especially for the Russia. The war was mainly fought between the members of the Triple Alliance and the members of The Triple Entente. Eventually, countries such as t he USA joined in. Rivalries betweenRead MoreThe Great War1256 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great War may be perceived as a milestone historical event serving two intertwined roles in the course of 20th-century British politics. Firstly, on certain grounds, it provided a fertile soil for the justified continuation and extension of a rather radical social reform initiated under the Liberal leadership since 1906, thus shifting the politics towards a more big-government-oriented direction. In the early post-war years, it was suitable for the Conservatives to undertake this task on the

Nobel Prize Winner James Watson Free Essays

Among the most notable and controversial Nobel Prize recipients is James Watson. He, together with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins, was awarded the Nobel Prize in the year 1962 in the Physiology or Medicine category. He is one of the scientists who discovered the molecular structure of the DNA which is hailed as one of the great breakthroughs in the field of Sciences. We will write a custom essay sample on Nobel Prize Winner: James Watson or any similar topic only for you Order Now James Dewey Watson was born on April 6, 1928 in Chicago, Illinois. In his early life, he was said to be fond of bird-gazing together with his father. When he was 12 years old, he was part of the famous radio show entitled Quiz Kids, a game which challenged young students to a quiz contest. At the age of 15, Watson entered the University of Chicago with the help of the then liberal policy of Robert Hutchins, the University president. In 1946, his interest in the field of science changed from his former concern on ornithology to genetics after he had read What Is Life? by Erwin Schrodinger. In 1947, he received his Bachelor’s degree in Zoology from the same university. Among Watson’s foremost influences was Salvador Luria, also a Nobel Prize winner. He was engrossed to the latter’s work which exposed him on the nature of genetic mutations. In the first months of 1948, Watson started to pursue his Ph.D. research at Indiana University at Luria’s laboratory. He was able to meet with another Nobel Prize recipient Max Delbruck. Delbruck and Luria were the pioneers of the Phage Group, a movement of geneticists who underwent studies and researches on microbial genetics. Eventually, Watson was also able to work with the group as a working scientist. His experience with the Phage group opened up his scientific knowledge on the nature and structure of genes. In order to develop his knowledge about the components of a gene, he took a course with another scientist Feliz Haurowitz in 1949 in which he was able to gain the conventional views on genes such as genes were proteins and vice versa; that genes have the capacity to replicate themselves; and other scientific data about the DNA. But through with all those knowledge, Watson was also fascinated with the work of Oswald Avery explaining that DNA was indeed the genetic molecule. Towards his doctoral studies, he underwent X-rays researches which attempted to de-motivate bacterial viruses. In 1950, he received his Ph.D. in Zoology at Indiana University. To be able to enhance more his knowledge on genetics and genetic composition, Watson went to Europe to pursue a postdoctoral study. He stayed at the laboratory in Copenhagen owned by a biochemist named Herman Kalckar whose studies were also linked with the nucleic acids. Through his stay with Kalckar’s laboratory, he was able to conduct experiments with another member of the Phage group, Ole Maaloe. The latter’s studies and researches were concerned on the DNA and the earlier supposition that it is the genetic molecule. In a meeting in Italy where he accompanied Kalckar, he met Maurice Wilkins who was also a devoted geneticist. In an event, Wilkins had shown Watson an X-ray diffraction data for DNA (which was originally worked out by Rosalind Franklin). After seeing the X-ray, he came to a conclusion that DNA had a distinct structure. Watson attempted to discover this through his experimental research done in different universities. Watson came to a decision to be familiar with performing X-ray diffraction experiments for the reason that such undertaking would lead him to a more probable and easier discovery of the DNA structure (He was inspired by Linus Pauling who was able to publish the protein alpha helix model with his unremitting efforts in undergoing X-ray experiments on molecular model. In 1951, Watson, together with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins, started to work out a series of experimental researches using Franklin’s X-ray findings on DNA structure. A controversy was said to occur during the period of experimental researches among Watson, Crick and Wilkins for the reason that they were using Franklin’s data and findings without the latter’s knowledge and consent. To further study Franklin’s X-ray findings, Watson attended one of Franklin’s seminar by which she explained how she obtained her findings on the DNA structure. Originally, Franklin claimed that the DNA was structured in helix-form. With this, Watson had started again to construct a molecular model but in the end it was criticize by Franklin by saying that the phosphate backbones must not be in the inside but on the outside. Eager to finish their attempt, the two used Franklin’s observations in their ultimate attempt to arrive at the DNA structure model. However, 1951, the absolute details of the chemical structure of the backbone of the DNA were identified by Alexander Todd, a biochemist. With that, Watson and Crick were asked to stop working with the DNA structure in 1952. Yet the two had never completely put aside their desire to come up with the DNA structure model. After numerous trips which exposed Watson and Crick to different methods and experimental systems that could help them in their account on DNA structure model, they were again asked to continue working on the DNA structural model by the then laboratory director Maurice Wilkins. Through the years, Franklin’s findings progresses and even developed.   The two, again, used Franklin’s findings in their experimental research on the DNA structure. The most outstanding contribution of Watson in the entire pursuit of the structural model of the DNA was his discovery of the nucleotide base pairs. These base pairs are said to be the chief answer in solving the structure and function of the DNA. Watson used the Pauling tradition, which he was formerly exposed. On February 1953, Watson worked out a molecule model which used a straight periphery, and exacto blade, white cardboard and adhesive. He made the molecules flat in their loop so that he could slide the cardboard models and inspect how they work. Through such improvised models, Watson saw that the bigger two ring (A and G nucleobase; also referred as the purines) could be matched with a lesser one ring (T and C nucleobases; also referred as the pyrimidines). Watson hypothesized if the tow pairs could be paired through a hydrogen bond which he discovered possible. He then observed that the two pairs could be placed over on each other with alike general configuration. To elaborate, the hexagonal rings were central and the comparative courses of the five-member rings of A and G were the identical.   Watson perceived that numerous members were falling into place such that he regarded it as the answer. He was right for formulating such conclusion. Watson’s discovery of the base pairs was unswerving with what Chargaff, also a biochemist, had already worked out. Not so long that Watson and Crick had completed their experimental research on the structural model of DNA by concluding the double helix form of the DNA. They presented their findings through a journal entitled Nature. With this great discovery, Watson and his co-scientists Crick and Wilkins were given the Nobel Prize in 1962 for their discovery of the structure of nucleic acids. Nevertheless, as mentioned earlier the controversy involving the original works of Franklin had put the three Nobel Prize Awardees in so much criticisms primarily with their failure to acknowledge the contribution of Franklin. But Watson took the courage to clarify the issue and appraise Franklin’s involvement in the discovery of the DNA structural model. In 1968, he published a book entitled The Double-Helix which explained his team’s side regarding the controversy with Franklin. He clarified that it was not intentional to bypass Franklin all throughout their achievements. He said that Franklin was really one of the persons who gave him the impetus to strive harder and make him more careful in analyzing his experimental research on DNA structure.   In the end, his team included Franklin as one of the most important persons behind the success of their structural model of DNA. Watson’s published book made the public realize how scientists like him undergo so much hardships for the sake of scientific discoveries which can really aid the entire mankind in uplifting the quality of their lives. He had proven that with great effort and outstanding sacrifice, anyone could victoriously achieve his or her goals. Watson did not stop his scientific endeavors with his Nobel Prize award. He worked with the Genome Project in 1988 which he held up until 1992. References: Hamilton, J. (2004). James Watson: Solving the Mystery of DNA (Nobel Prize-Winning  Ã‚   Scientists). Enslow Publishers. Watson, J. D. (2001). The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Structure of DNA (First ed.). Touchstone. How to cite Nobel Prize Winner: James Watson, Essay examples

Lemon V. Kurtzman 1971 Essays - Lemon V. Kurtzman,

Lemon V. Kurtzman 1971 Lemon v. Kurtzman 1971 The name of the case is Lemon v. Kurtzman; the Chief Justice in charge of the case was Warren Burger. The case was argued on March 3, 1971 and decided on June 28, 1971. These three cases from Pennsylvania and Rhode Island involved public assistance to private schools, some of which were religious. Pennsylvania's law included paying the salaries of teachers in parochial schools, assisting the purchasing of textbooks, and other teaching supplies. In Rhode Island, the State paid 15% of the salaries of private school teachers. A federal court upheld the Pennsylvania law while a District Court ruled that the Rhode Island law fostered 'excessive entanglement'. The case is about actions challenging constitutionality of state aid to, or for the benefit of, nonpublic schools. A three-judge United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island said that the Rhode Island statute was unconstitutional, while a three-judge United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, dismissed the complaint that challenged the Pennsylvania statute, and appeals were taken. The Supreme Court, Chief Justice Burger, held that both statutes, Pennsylvania and Rhode Island, were unconstitutional under the religion clauses of the First Amendment. The Courts decision was unanimous 8-0; it determined that the case was unconstitutional. The decision stated that there are three criteria that should be used to assess legislation: First, the statute must have a secular legislative purpose; second, its principal or primary effect must be one that neither advances or inhibits religion; finally, the statute must not foster and excessive government Entanglement with religion. The teachers whose salaries are partially being paid by the State are religious agents who work under the rule of religious officials. There is an innate conflict in this situation of which the state should remain clear. To guarantee that teachers play a non-ideological role would require the state to become involved with the church. Allowing this connection could lead to political problems in areas in which a large number of students attend religious schools. American History

Search for my Tongue comparison Essay Example

Search for my Tongue comparison Essay Example Search for my Tongue comparison Essay Search for my Tongue comparison Essay From reading both of the poems I can see that both of the poems describe how they have either lost or are losing part of their identity. Identity can mean anything from our age, gender, race, personality, religion, social position, language or even personality. Identity is either what makes a person different from other people but some elements of your identity might make you the same as other people such as your nationality or religion. Some of our identity can be set at birth and cant be changed in anyway this could be race. Whereas other elements such as social position can continuously change throughout your life. Some changes in or identity we welcome and some we dont. Both of these poems explore changes in their identity. In Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan the young female is telling us how she is changing in the way that she lives and dresses whereas in Search for My Tongue the poet I telling us how she is losing her identity by the loss of her first language. These two poems are laid out quiet differently, although they both use variable line length. In Presents from Pakistan the lines start all over the place and there is no certain point at which they have to start. In Search for My Tongue all the beginnings of the lines start at one place this is because the poem is left justified. This gives Search for My Tongues a stronger rhythm than it would have if it wasnt left justified, whereas Present from my Aunts in Pakistan gives us a feeling that she is confused and doesnt know where to start. I dont feel as if either of the poems have a rhymes this is because they do not contain rhyming couplets or any rhythmic devices. Presents from My Aunts In Pakistan seems to be much more like a conversation with either herself or with a close friend, but Search for My Tongue seems much more like a letter of complaint. In the case of Search fore My Tongue the poet uses her mother tongue and Cyrillic writing and English character in her language. This emphasises both of the tongues. In Presents form My Aunts in Pakistan she is often putting the adjective after the noun. This defers from the standard English language. In both of the poems there is lots of punctuation missing. Both of these poets dont feel as if the punctuation is really important to emphasis the problems about their identity. Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan tells us where she comes from whereas Search for My Tongue dont tell us where she came from and leaves it a mystery. The words used in the poem Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan are more vibrant than words used in the poem Search for My tongue. This is intended to give you a mental image of the clothes and the place at which as is living in. In Search For My Tongue the words tend to be darker and angrier this is so we can understand how she is feeling. Your mother tongue would Rot, Rot and die in your mouth as you can see these words are powerful and meaningful this is show we draw attention to what she is saying. Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan explores the theme of identity and places remembered, but Search For My Tongue explores the theme of identity through language and continues to use an extended metaphor throughout the poem by talking about a flower blossoming in her mouth when she is able to speak her mother tongue and explain how a flower dying in her mouth is what it feels like when she in un-able to speak with her mother tongue. Search for My Tongue uses cultural-specific words separate from the rest of the standard English used in the poem. This is to make sure that we pay more attention to the poem and try to understand why she has done it. In Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan she uses the cultural-specific words all over the place as if she doesnt know she is doing it and she expects you to know what the words mean already. An example of this would be Salwer Kameez which would mean nothing to a young English person but means a traditional garment to the people living in Pakistan. In the poem Search for My Tongue the words Spit It is a slight use of assonance, but there is no other in this poem. There is a miner use of alliteration in Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan such as Satin-Silken and Costume Clung. This makes these words stand out from the rest catching out eye. Neither of these poems contain personification. The feelings of the authors of the poems are similar in the way that they are sad about the loss of part of their identity. Search for My Tongue is asking the reader if she thinks they are to blame because she has lost part of her identity and isnt who she once was . This comes across to me as if she is saying How would you like it if this had happened to you?. She is very angry and doesnt blame herself for what has happened to her. The poem Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan is a much friendlier. It is like she is looking for help and is explaining her problem to us hoping that we can help her. Presents from my Aunts is explaining the situation. This means that all she is doing is talking to us but in Search for My Tongue is Telling us. This makes me feel as I am in trouble and that it is my fault for her identity problem. I feel as if the female writing Search for my Tongue is older than the poet who has written Presents From Aunts in Pakistan. This is due to the language used to write the poem and how the two poets express the way in which they feel about their situation. Both of these poems were interesting and were enjoyable to read. With the poem Search for My Tongue I as able to empathise because I feel the same about me losing my Scottish accent. I feel as if Search for My Tongues has a stronger contrast out of the two poems this is due to the fact that I think the poet is a stronger person and is able to deal with her situation on her own whereas the poet for Present From My aunts in Pakistan is not able to cope with her situation on her own. I felt as if Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan is easier for me to understand due to the language used in the poem. This is because the poet is a teenager like myself and I am able to see where she is coming from about having to were a piece of clothing which she is uncomfortable with. I can understand where Moniza Alvi is coming from because I feel I have the same problem with having to wear a school uniform even If I do not want to. These two poems made me think more about identity, I have learnt that identity can play an important part in our life and that we shouldnt take it for granted because one day you may lose part of it and may never be able to regain it.

French Conjunction Tant Que Doesnt Need Subjunctive

French Conjunction Tant Que Doesnt Need Subjunctive Tant que is a conjunctive phrase (locution conjonctive) that, unlike many other conjunctive phrases, does not need the subjunctive. It means as / so much as or as long as / while / since, depending on the context. Tant que is a phrase that communicates certainty and intensifies quantity, frequency, degree and the like. Thus, there is really no reason for the subjective subjunctive. Tant que tu es ici, tu peux maider. As long as / Since youre here, you can help me.Jai tant lu que jai mal aux yeux. I read so much that my eyes hurt.Il a tant manger, quil est malade. He ate so much that hes sick.Tant que tu es la, cherche mes lunettes. As long as / since youre here, look for my glasses.Tu peux rester tant que tu veux. You can stay as long as you want. Tant Que vs. Autant Que Do not confuse tant que  with autant que,  another conjunctive phrase that seems similar but is really more about equalizing and comparisons. It, too, is an adaptable and widely used phrase in French that has a number of possible meanings in English: as far as, as / so much as or as long as / while. So while tant que is about intensity, autant que is about balance. Autant que communicates conjecture and doubt, so the verb following it should be in the subjunctive, indicated in bold below: Autant que je me souvienne... As far as I remember...Autant que je vous le dise tout de suite. I may as well tell you right now. Other French Conjunctive Phrases A conjunctive phrase is a group of two or more words that function as a conjunction that links clauses. French conjunctive phrases end in que, and many, but not all, are subordinating conjunctions, rather than coordinating conjunctions, that require a subjunctive verb. One asterisk below indicates those that take the subjunctive. condition que*  Ã‚  provided thatafin que*  Ã‚  so thatainsi que  Ã‚  just as, so asalors que  Ã‚  while, whereasautant que* as far as / as much as / while mesure que  Ã‚  as (progressively) moins que**  Ã‚  unlessaprà ¨s que  Ã‚  after, when supposer que*  Ã‚  assuming thatau cas oà ¹Ã‚  Ã‚  in caseaussità ´t que  Ã‚  as soon asavant que**  Ã‚  beforebien que*  Ã‚  althoughdans lhypothà ¨se oà ¹Ã‚  Ã‚  in the event thatde crainte que**  Ã‚  for fear thatde faà §on que*  Ã‚  in such a way thatde manià ¨re que*  Ã‚  so thatde mà ªme que  Ã‚  just asde peur que**  for fear thatdepuis que  Ã‚  sincede sorte que*  Ã‚  so that, in such a way thatdà ¨s que  Ã‚  as soon asen admettant que*  Ã‚  assuming thaten attendant que*  Ã‚  while, untilencore que*  Ã‚  even thoughjusqu ce que*  Ã‚  untilparce que  Ã‚  becausependant que  Ã‚  whilepour que*  Ã‚  so thatpourvu que*  Ã‚  provided thatquand bien mà ªme  Ã‚  even though/ifquoi que*  Ã‚  whatever, no matter whatsans que**  Ã‚  withoutsità ´t que  Ã‚  as soon assupposà © que*  Ã‚  supposingtandis que  Ã‚  while, whereastant que  Ã‚  Ã‚  as long asvu que  Ã‚  seeing as/that *These conjunctions must be followed by the  subjunctive.**These conjunctions require the  subjunctive  as well as the  ne explà ©tif, a more formal negation that uses ne without pas. Additional Resources Tant Que vs. Autant QueFrench ConjunctionsThe SubjunctivatorQuiz: Subjunctive or indicative?