Installing Gems from Git Repositories

Introducing Gems from Git Repositories Numerous pearls are facilitated on git archives, for example, the open vaults on Github. Be that as it may, to get the most recent variant, frequently there are no diamonds worked for you to introduce easily. Introducing from git is very simple however. To begin with, you need to comprehend what git is. Git is the thing that the designers of the library use to follow the source code and to work together. Git isn't a discharge instrument. Its critical to take note of that the form of the product you get from git could possibly be steady. It is anything but a discharge form and could contain bugs that will be fixed before the following authority discharge. The principal thing you need to do so as to introduce jewels from git is introduce git. This page of The Git Book discloses how to do this. Its somewhat direct on all stages and once its introduced, you have all that you need. Introducing a diamond from a Git vault will be a 4 stage process. Clone the Git repository.Change to the new directory.Build the gem.Install the jewel. Clone the Git Repository In Git dialect, to clone a git store is to make a duplicate of it. Would have been making a duplicate of the rspec store from github. This duplicate will be a full duplicate, the equivalent the designer will have on their PCs. You can even make changes (however you wont have the option to submit these progressions once more into the store). The main thing you have to clone a git store is the clone URL. This is given on the github page to RSpec. The clone URL for RSpec is git://github.com/dchelimsky/rspec.git. Presently just utilize the git clone order gave the clone URL. $ git clone git://github.com/dchelimsky/rspec.git This will clone the RSpec storehouse into a catalog called rspec. This catalog ought to consistently be equivalent to the last piece of the clone URL (short the .git part). Change to The New Directory This progression, as well, is direct. Basically change to the new index made by Git. $ compact disc rspec Fabricate the Gem This progression is more precarious. Diamonds are constructed utilizing Rake, utilizing the assignment called pearl. $ rake pearl It may not be that straightforward however. At the point when you introduce a pearl utilizing the diamond order, quietly out of sight it accomplishes something rather significant: reliance checking. At the point when you issue the rake order, it might return with a blunder message saying it needs another jewel introduced first, or that you have to redesign a pearl previously introduced. Introduce or overhaul this jewel utilizing either the diamond order or by introducing from git. You may need to do this multiple times relying upon what number of conditions the diamond has. Introduce the Gem At the point when the assemble procedure is finished, you will have another diamond in the pkg registry. Essentially give the relative way to this .diamond document to the jewel introduce order. Youll need director benefits to do this on Linux or OSX. $ diamond introduce pkg/gemname-1.23.gem The diamond is presently introduced and can be utilized similarly as some other pearl.

304 Case Study free essay sample

Lynn Hou, Alexander Jun, Lara Kasian, Stephen White, Jennie Zhang Jody Tolan BUAD 304 Section #14728 3 March 2011 Team Case Analysis: Are Five Heads Better Than One? For the situation â€Å"Are Five Heads Better Than One? † a recently framed advertising gathering, made out of Evan, Conner, Alexis, Derek, and Judy, neglected to revive the firm’s incomes. To begin with, the board neglected to choose a gathering of assorted people who might have the option to contribute special thoughts towards the task. The foundations of these five individuals exposed an excessive number of likenesses for the individuals to cooperate productively. The article states, â€Å"Evan, Conner, Alexis, Derek, and Judy were around a similar age, had worked for the organization for about a similar measure of time, and in light of the fact that they all would in general be agreeable, inviting, and esteemed coexisting with others, their characters appeared to work as well† (700). The executives felt that these surface-level similitudes were sufficiently adequate to assemble a group that would make a heavenly business. By all accounts, it showed up these individuals would function admirably together. Nonetheless, they didn't have the top to bottom association found inside people who share profound level qualities. Second, there is a lopsided force appropriation among the gathering individuals. Conner takes control and no one faces him, in any event, when different individuals from the gathering who have, for this situation, increasingly exact plans to contribute. There is no dissemination of duty, individuals couldn't underline singular responsibility or explain work obligations. All through the whole undertaking, Conner builds up a presumptuousness inclination. This unavoidably prompts the defeat of the advertising task. He jumps straight into the venture without increasing a reasonable imminent on what should be done and works outside of his ability when he assumes the job of being a pioneer for the customer. Third, there is an absence of contention inside the gathering. Strife can be both valuable and damaging (ruinous on the off chance that it prompts a more prominent degree of individual assault, or relationship struggle). Undertaking strife is gainful for a group since it gives security against oblivious conformity. For this situation, â€Å"P† (execution), is fluffy; as it were the promoting supervisors didn't explain what the objective would be. The group concentrates a lot on the camaraderie, as opposed to concentrating on making an advantageous business for the plasma-TV customer. Poor administration is another contributing variable and reason the undertaking comes up short. At first, the organization, â€Å"allowed [the team] as much self-rule as possible† (700). The firm proposed to give the group â€Å"freedom to oversee the undertaking all the way by concocting their own thoughts, recruiting somebody to film the business once the thought was set up, making and keeping up a spending plan, and introducing the last business to the customer. Nonetheless, this ends up being an excessive amount of self-governance for a group which cooperated for just seven days. The group isn't given enough direction or data by the executives to appropriately seek after this â€Å"home run† venture. The board doesn't give the essential advances the group ought to have taken to adequately finish the task. Likewise, as expressed previously, a solid predisposition exists towards the decision of which individuals would involve the â€Å"home run† group. The board neglected to pick bunch individuals dependent on bunch execution. Or maybe, they picked individuals dependent on surface-level characteristics, for example, age, time inside the organization, and amiability. In conclusion, there is a tremendous issue with correspondence. The promoting group made an ineffectual advertisement: there was no input from different individuals in their own gathering, the organization needing the advertisement, or the showcasing organization the gathering individuals are working for. Inside their own gathering, there is no correspondence anxiety, individuals from the promoting bunch dread making some noise and introducing their own thoughts. Conner is the overwhelming figure inside the gathering and nobody else feels they reserve the privilege to protest his thoughts. What's more, there is a feeling of descending correspondence: Conner starts to speak condescendingly to his gathering individuals, being discourteous and forcing others to concur with his thoughts. For instance, in address, our class viewed a video looking at the correspondence propensities for ladies versus men. The ladies are undeniably progressively detached, saying ‘please’ and ‘thank you’ in a broad way, while men are increasingly forceful and direct. â€Å"Are Five Heads Better Than One? † presents a similar situation. The ladies are very latent and withdraw at whatever point Conner dismisses their thoughts. Gathering think turns into a significant issue, particularly when Derek yields to Conner’s thought. Derek is the most experienced concerning the TV customer since he had worked with the customer on past tasks; this offers his input the most believability. This happened during a conversation action in the ELC. An understudy in this conversation segment had taken a class on getting by in the Arctic wild. Her gathering individuals disregarded her experience when understudies were approached to rank the â€Å"objects that would be of most use if a plane had smashed in no place on a cold island. † Even however she was officially prepared, she was excessively uninvolved and didn't present her thoughts well. This drove different individuals to totally excuse her preparation: an identical representation of what this case group experienced. A valuable answer for the group is make various stages being developed and organizing an increasingly steady methodology towards their undertaking. In the primary stage, colleagues ought to ‘test the waters’ to deal with the gathering elements while figuring out what kinds of practices are satisfactory. In stage two, the gathering ought to make a raging stage, one with intragroup clash, in which individuals acknowledge the presence of the gathering however oppose the requirements forced on distinction. In stage three, the Norming stage, the individuals ought to grow cozy connections and shape cohesiveness inside the gathering. This gives the gathering a solid feeling of gathering character and structure. At the point when this Norming stage is finished, the gathering structure sets and comprehends a typical arrangement of desires that diagrams right part conduct. In stage four, the performing stage, the gathering structure ought to be completely working and tolerating. Now, individuals ought to have the option to complete the undertaking. The gathering vitality moves from getting ‘acquainted and seeing each other’ to ‘performing the job needing to be done. In the last stage, the Adjourning stage, individuals would get ready to disband, wrapping up exercises being centered around as opposed to high assignment execution. Notwithstanding this arrangement, our group has thought of two elective strategies, which could likewise be utilized to patch the issues this adve rtising bunch experienced. The principal elective arrangement, â€Å"Management Restructuring,† recommends exclusively patching up the supervisory group. The subsequent other option, â€Å"The Multi-Step Process,† includes a progression of steps, which whenever followed, would explain the current issue. The initial step includes showcasing directors choosing a gathering that is all around broadened and has demonstrated achievement before. Instead of making a gathering dependent on singular achievement, the promoting organization assembles a gathering dependent on various inside traits. The subsequent stage includes promoting administrators clarifying the objective of the business to the gathering individuals. In this progression, the supervisors would firmly push the gathering to examine the organization in advance, to plot what the customer needs, and to give a false task preliminary test to see how the gathering performs together. This forestalls Conner from dominating and decimating the venture. Furthermore, the showcasing supervisors ought to give self-appraisal tests, for example, the Myers Briggs test, so the gathering may see with their own eyes how they respond in different circumstances. Next, the organization should investigate what the customer wants for their advertisement. The gathering needs to recognize the client’s qualities, needs, and culture so as to get to and pass on the client’s legitimate picture. The customer needed a more tasteful business instead of a school party scene, a scene which could have been maintained a strategic distance from with such information. A short time later, the gathering should conceptualize their thoughts. The gathering didn't discuss how they would approach doing the undertaking. In any case, it is pivotal for them to evaluate and execute the phases of gathering advancement. By bobbing thoughts off of one another, it would empower them to get a more extensive point of view of what they truly need to achieve. For this situation, Conner was the main part who contributed thoughts. In conclusion, the gathering needs progress reports. Firm chiefs should converse with every person in the gathering with no different member’s impact to survey how things are going. The directors additionally need an advancement report and a gathering with the group in general to talk about how the venture is tagging along and to decode whether the undertaking is going the correct way or not. Our group has arrived at the resolution that the subsequent arrangement could be the most ideal approach to do the undertaking. We feel it would permit the group to get a genuine feeling of how they have to move toward this promoting effort to make the customer really fulfilled.

Book Riots Deals of the Day for July 31st, 2019

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Fi515 Chapter 1 Mini Case - 2299 Words

MINI CASE a. Why is corporate finance important to all managers? Corporate finance is important to all managers because it provides managers the skills needed to identify and select the corporate strategies and individual projects that add value to their firm and forecast the funding requirements of their company and devise strategies for acquiring those funds. b. Describe the organizational forms a company might have as it evolves from a start-up to a major corporation. List the advantages and disadvantages of each form. The organizational forms a company might have as it evolves from a start-up to a major corporation are proprietorship, partnership, or corporation. The advantages of a proprietorship are: †¢ Easy and†¦show more content†¦Failure to handle these situations properly can lead to huge product liability suits and even bankruptcy. e. What three aspects of cash flows affect the value of any investment? The three aspects of cash flows the affect the value of any investment are the amount of expected cash flows, the timing of the cash flow stream, and the risk of the cash flows. f. What are free cash flows? Free cash flows are the monies available for distribution to all investors after paying current expenses, taxes, and making the investments necessary for growth. g. What is the weighted average cost of capital? The weighted average cost of capital is the rate that a company is expected to pay on average to all its security holders to finance its assets. h. How do free cash flows and the weighted average cost of capital interact to determine a firm’s value? Free Cash Flow = Sales Revenues – Operating Costs and Taxes – Required Investments in Operating Capital. Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is affected by market interest rates, market risk aversion, cost of debt, cost of equity, firm’s debt/equity mix, and firm’s business risk. Therefore, free cash flows and the weighted average cost of capital interact to determine a firm’s value by the following equation: Value = FCF1 + FCF2 + †¦ + FCF00 (1 + WACC)1 (1 + WACC)2 (1 + WACC)00 i. Who are the providers (savers) and users (borrowers) of capital? How is capital

The Great War - 1254 Words

The Great War The Great War, which is more commonly called World War I began on July 28, 1914 and lasted until November 11, 1918. It was a global war centered in Europe and involved more than 70 million military personnel. There were over 9 million combatants, and 7 million civilians died as a result of the war (Keegan, 1998). It was one of the deadliest recorded military conflicts in history, and was the reason for numerous major political changes. The main event that led to the spark of World War I was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Who was the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne (Willmott, 2003). Archduke Franz Ferdinand was a friend to Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany, the two met in mid-June 1914 to discuss†¦show more content†¦The United States later declared war on German ally Austria-Hungary on December 7, 1917 (Keegan, 1998). Germany’s resumption of submarine attacks on passenger and merchant ships in 1917 became the primary motivation behind Wilson’s decis ion to lead the United States into World War I. Following the sinking of an unarmed French boat, the Sussex, in the English Channel in March 1916, Wilson threatened to sever diplomatic relations with Germany unless the German Government refrained from attacking all passenger ships and allowed the crews of enemy merchant vessels to abandon their ships prior to any attack. On May 4, 1916, the German Government accepted these terms and conditions (Keegan, 1998). This has come to be known as the Sussex Pledge. The situation in Germany had changed during January 1917. During a conference with representatives from the German Navy helped convince the military leadership and Kaiser Wilhelm that a resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare could help defeat Great Britain within a matter of months (History.com). German policymakers argued that they could violate the Sussex pledge since the United States could no longer be considered a neutral party after supplying ammunition and financial a ssistance to the Allies. German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg disagreed and believed that resuming submarine warfare would draw the United States into the war on behalf of the Allies (Willmott,Show MoreRelatedThe War Of The Great War1482 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Great War had ended, leaving mostly Western Europe scathed by conflict between nations. With groundbreaking technology the conflict proved to be one of the most devastating in world history, especially with the immense amount of casualties of over 38 million. Picking itself up from the ground that was stained with blood, Europe at the time did not have any idea of the conflict that would soon follow approximately twenty years after; another world war. It is the end of the first world war conflictRead MoreThe War Of The Great War Essay973 Words   |  4 Pages World War â…   was such a significant war in history, that contributed to many changes to the world today. From 1914 to 1918 the â€Å"Great War† was being fought between the central and allied forces. The trench warfare during the rough years provided a stalemate, a situation in which no progress can be made or no advancement is possible. So, as a result the allied forces made a peace treaty to finally end the prolonged bloodshed. After five long years of nations constantly fighting, the allied forcesRead MoreThe War Of The Great War1421 Words   |  6 Pagesnations began World War I with a glamorous vision of war, only to be psychologically shattered by the realities of the trenches. The experience changed the way people referred to the glamour of battle; they treated it no longer as a positive quality but as a dangerous illusion.† Virginia Postrel The Great War began on July 28, 1914. There are several causes of the war and several of them start in the Balkans. The causes were political, territorial and economic conflicts among the great European powersRead MoreThe War Of The Great War1520 Words   |  7 Pages World War One, appropriately named the Great War in the heat of its battles, was the war that many thought would end all other wars. And at the time, it certainly seemed that would be the case. It was a new type of a war, there were new, terrifying weapons, leading to deaths in numbers unseen from previous wars. The battles dragged on, it became trench warfare. There seemed to be no end in sight for the longest time. But the war did end and the people and politicians of the 1920s were left to dealRead MoreThe War Of The Great War1553 Words   |  7 Pagesbills were proposed. However, in 1912, the third Home Rule bill was passed in Westminster, only to be suspended upon British entrance into the First World War. Irish members of Parliament that had been pushing for Home Rule for many years finally saw their plans come to fruition, only to be stalled by the outbreak of the Great War. This war was costly, and required significant support from the United Kingdom and it’s respec tive colonies. The actions of the British government helped to fuel radicalRead MoreThe War Of The Great War3373 Words   |  14 Pagesrace, and military plans created a perfect situation for a war in Europe, which would eventually become the Great War. With Germany, Great Britain, France, and Russia being the top powers in Europe, these countries would be the front runners in the discussion of the topics mentioned above and how their participation in those topics eventually led to the Great War. The order of topics to discuss that would ultimately lead to the Great War would be Imperialism being the spark that would lead to anRead MoreThe Great War Essay1454 Words   |  6 Pagesdisagree about the causes of the Great War as there are numerous different sources of the conflict, both long term and short term. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand is considered the catalyst that sparked the war but there are deeper, more complex reasons for its beginning. The extensive alli ance system throughout Europe, as well as the German foreign policy of expansionism helped to ignite what was a relatively small international conflict into a worldwide war. Imperial tensions also addedRead MoreThe Great War748 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"The Great War† On 28 June 1914, a Serbian shot an Austrian. Within six weeks, many of the countries of Europe had become involved in a war that was to cause the deaths of 10 million soldiers, but was the assassination the only cause of war? WWI wasnt just any war, it was also a new beginning and a new cause for a few of the european countries that had been involved. The end results for Germany had been the worst, which not only caused Germany to have a new purpose and have resentments,Read MoreThe Great War1416 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War One was a time of devastation for Europe. Many factors lead to great tensions in Europe, sparking the desideratum for a war. This war, other sagacious ken as The Great War, occurred in 1914 until 1918. It had many famous battles, such as The Battle of Tannenberg, a battle of many casualties, especially for the Russia. The war was mainly fought between the members of the Triple Alliance and the members of The Triple Entente. Eventually, countries such as t he USA joined in. Rivalries betweenRead MoreThe Great War1256 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great War may be perceived as a milestone historical event serving two intertwined roles in the course of 20th-century British politics. Firstly, on certain grounds, it provided a fertile soil for the justified continuation and extension of a rather radical social reform initiated under the Liberal leadership since 1906, thus shifting the politics towards a more big-government-oriented direction. In the early post-war years, it was suitable for the Conservatives to undertake this task on the

Nobel Prize Winner James Watson Free Essays

Among the most notable and controversial Nobel Prize recipients is James Watson. He, together with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins, was awarded the Nobel Prize in the year 1962 in the Physiology or Medicine category. He is one of the scientists who discovered the molecular structure of the DNA which is hailed as one of the great breakthroughs in the field of Sciences. We will write a custom essay sample on Nobel Prize Winner: James Watson or any similar topic only for you Order Now James Dewey Watson was born on April 6, 1928 in Chicago, Illinois. In his early life, he was said to be fond of bird-gazing together with his father. When he was 12 years old, he was part of the famous radio show entitled Quiz Kids, a game which challenged young students to a quiz contest. At the age of 15, Watson entered the University of Chicago with the help of the then liberal policy of Robert Hutchins, the University president. In 1946, his interest in the field of science changed from his former concern on ornithology to genetics after he had read What Is Life? by Erwin Schrodinger. In 1947, he received his Bachelor’s degree in Zoology from the same university. Among Watson’s foremost influences was Salvador Luria, also a Nobel Prize winner. He was engrossed to the latter’s work which exposed him on the nature of genetic mutations. In the first months of 1948, Watson started to pursue his Ph.D. research at Indiana University at Luria’s laboratory. He was able to meet with another Nobel Prize recipient Max Delbruck. Delbruck and Luria were the pioneers of the Phage Group, a movement of geneticists who underwent studies and researches on microbial genetics. Eventually, Watson was also able to work with the group as a working scientist. His experience with the Phage group opened up his scientific knowledge on the nature and structure of genes. In order to develop his knowledge about the components of a gene, he took a course with another scientist Feliz Haurowitz in 1949 in which he was able to gain the conventional views on genes such as genes were proteins and vice versa; that genes have the capacity to replicate themselves; and other scientific data about the DNA. But through with all those knowledge, Watson was also fascinated with the work of Oswald Avery explaining that DNA was indeed the genetic molecule. Towards his doctoral studies, he underwent X-rays researches which attempted to de-motivate bacterial viruses. In 1950, he received his Ph.D. in Zoology at Indiana University. To be able to enhance more his knowledge on genetics and genetic composition, Watson went to Europe to pursue a postdoctoral study. He stayed at the laboratory in Copenhagen owned by a biochemist named Herman Kalckar whose studies were also linked with the nucleic acids. Through his stay with Kalckar’s laboratory, he was able to conduct experiments with another member of the Phage group, Ole Maaloe. The latter’s studies and researches were concerned on the DNA and the earlier supposition that it is the genetic molecule. In a meeting in Italy where he accompanied Kalckar, he met Maurice Wilkins who was also a devoted geneticist. In an event, Wilkins had shown Watson an X-ray diffraction data for DNA (which was originally worked out by Rosalind Franklin). After seeing the X-ray, he came to a conclusion that DNA had a distinct structure. Watson attempted to discover this through his experimental research done in different universities. Watson came to a decision to be familiar with performing X-ray diffraction experiments for the reason that such undertaking would lead him to a more probable and easier discovery of the DNA structure (He was inspired by Linus Pauling who was able to publish the protein alpha helix model with his unremitting efforts in undergoing X-ray experiments on molecular model. In 1951, Watson, together with Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins, started to work out a series of experimental researches using Franklin’s X-ray findings on DNA structure. A controversy was said to occur during the period of experimental researches among Watson, Crick and Wilkins for the reason that they were using Franklin’s data and findings without the latter’s knowledge and consent. To further study Franklin’s X-ray findings, Watson attended one of Franklin’s seminar by which she explained how she obtained her findings on the DNA structure. Originally, Franklin claimed that the DNA was structured in helix-form. With this, Watson had started again to construct a molecular model but in the end it was criticize by Franklin by saying that the phosphate backbones must not be in the inside but on the outside. Eager to finish their attempt, the two used Franklin’s observations in their ultimate attempt to arrive at the DNA structure model. However, 1951, the absolute details of the chemical structure of the backbone of the DNA were identified by Alexander Todd, a biochemist. With that, Watson and Crick were asked to stop working with the DNA structure in 1952. Yet the two had never completely put aside their desire to come up with the DNA structure model. After numerous trips which exposed Watson and Crick to different methods and experimental systems that could help them in their account on DNA structure model, they were again asked to continue working on the DNA structural model by the then laboratory director Maurice Wilkins. Through the years, Franklin’s findings progresses and even developed.   The two, again, used Franklin’s findings in their experimental research on the DNA structure. The most outstanding contribution of Watson in the entire pursuit of the structural model of the DNA was his discovery of the nucleotide base pairs. These base pairs are said to be the chief answer in solving the structure and function of the DNA. Watson used the Pauling tradition, which he was formerly exposed. On February 1953, Watson worked out a molecule model which used a straight periphery, and exacto blade, white cardboard and adhesive. He made the molecules flat in their loop so that he could slide the cardboard models and inspect how they work. Through such improvised models, Watson saw that the bigger two ring (A and G nucleobase; also referred as the purines) could be matched with a lesser one ring (T and C nucleobases; also referred as the pyrimidines). Watson hypothesized if the tow pairs could be paired through a hydrogen bond which he discovered possible. He then observed that the two pairs could be placed over on each other with alike general configuration. To elaborate, the hexagonal rings were central and the comparative courses of the five-member rings of A and G were the identical.   Watson perceived that numerous members were falling into place such that he regarded it as the answer. He was right for formulating such conclusion. Watson’s discovery of the base pairs was unswerving with what Chargaff, also a biochemist, had already worked out. Not so long that Watson and Crick had completed their experimental research on the structural model of DNA by concluding the double helix form of the DNA. They presented their findings through a journal entitled Nature. With this great discovery, Watson and his co-scientists Crick and Wilkins were given the Nobel Prize in 1962 for their discovery of the structure of nucleic acids. Nevertheless, as mentioned earlier the controversy involving the original works of Franklin had put the three Nobel Prize Awardees in so much criticisms primarily with their failure to acknowledge the contribution of Franklin. But Watson took the courage to clarify the issue and appraise Franklin’s involvement in the discovery of the DNA structural model. In 1968, he published a book entitled The Double-Helix which explained his team’s side regarding the controversy with Franklin. He clarified that it was not intentional to bypass Franklin all throughout their achievements. He said that Franklin was really one of the persons who gave him the impetus to strive harder and make him more careful in analyzing his experimental research on DNA structure.   In the end, his team included Franklin as one of the most important persons behind the success of their structural model of DNA. Watson’s published book made the public realize how scientists like him undergo so much hardships for the sake of scientific discoveries which can really aid the entire mankind in uplifting the quality of their lives. He had proven that with great effort and outstanding sacrifice, anyone could victoriously achieve his or her goals. Watson did not stop his scientific endeavors with his Nobel Prize award. He worked with the Genome Project in 1988 which he held up until 1992. References: Hamilton, J. (2004). James Watson: Solving the Mystery of DNA (Nobel Prize-Winning  Ã‚   Scientists). Enslow Publishers. Watson, J. D. (2001). The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Structure of DNA (First ed.). Touchstone. How to cite Nobel Prize Winner: James Watson, Essay examples

Lemon V. Kurtzman 1971 Essays - Lemon V. Kurtzman,

Lemon V. Kurtzman 1971 Lemon v. Kurtzman 1971 The name of the case is Lemon v. Kurtzman; the Chief Justice in charge of the case was Warren Burger. The case was argued on March 3, 1971 and decided on June 28, 1971. These three cases from Pennsylvania and Rhode Island involved public assistance to private schools, some of which were religious. Pennsylvania's law included paying the salaries of teachers in parochial schools, assisting the purchasing of textbooks, and other teaching supplies. In Rhode Island, the State paid 15% of the salaries of private school teachers. A federal court upheld the Pennsylvania law while a District Court ruled that the Rhode Island law fostered 'excessive entanglement'. The case is about actions challenging constitutionality of state aid to, or for the benefit of, nonpublic schools. A three-judge United States District Court for the District of Rhode Island said that the Rhode Island statute was unconstitutional, while a three-judge United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, dismissed the complaint that challenged the Pennsylvania statute, and appeals were taken. The Supreme Court, Chief Justice Burger, held that both statutes, Pennsylvania and Rhode Island, were unconstitutional under the religion clauses of the First Amendment. The Courts decision was unanimous 8-0; it determined that the case was unconstitutional. The decision stated that there are three criteria that should be used to assess legislation: First, the statute must have a secular legislative purpose; second, its principal or primary effect must be one that neither advances or inhibits religion; finally, the statute must not foster and excessive government Entanglement with religion. The teachers whose salaries are partially being paid by the State are religious agents who work under the rule of religious officials. There is an innate conflict in this situation of which the state should remain clear. To guarantee that teachers play a non-ideological role would require the state to become involved with the church. Allowing this connection could lead to political problems in areas in which a large number of students attend religious schools. American History

Search for my Tongue comparison Essay Example

Search for my Tongue comparison Essay Example Search for my Tongue comparison Essay Search for my Tongue comparison Essay From reading both of the poems I can see that both of the poems describe how they have either lost or are losing part of their identity. Identity can mean anything from our age, gender, race, personality, religion, social position, language or even personality. Identity is either what makes a person different from other people but some elements of your identity might make you the same as other people such as your nationality or religion. Some of our identity can be set at birth and cant be changed in anyway this could be race. Whereas other elements such as social position can continuously change throughout your life. Some changes in or identity we welcome and some we dont. Both of these poems explore changes in their identity. In Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan the young female is telling us how she is changing in the way that she lives and dresses whereas in Search for My Tongue the poet I telling us how she is losing her identity by the loss of her first language. These two poems are laid out quiet differently, although they both use variable line length. In Presents from Pakistan the lines start all over the place and there is no certain point at which they have to start. In Search for My Tongue all the beginnings of the lines start at one place this is because the poem is left justified. This gives Search for My Tongues a stronger rhythm than it would have if it wasnt left justified, whereas Present from my Aunts in Pakistan gives us a feeling that she is confused and doesnt know where to start. I dont feel as if either of the poems have a rhymes this is because they do not contain rhyming couplets or any rhythmic devices. Presents from My Aunts In Pakistan seems to be much more like a conversation with either herself or with a close friend, but Search for My Tongue seems much more like a letter of complaint. In the case of Search fore My Tongue the poet uses her mother tongue and Cyrillic writing and English character in her language. This emphasises both of the tongues. In Presents form My Aunts in Pakistan she is often putting the adjective after the noun. This defers from the standard English language. In both of the poems there is lots of punctuation missing. Both of these poets dont feel as if the punctuation is really important to emphasis the problems about their identity. Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan tells us where she comes from whereas Search for My Tongue dont tell us where she came from and leaves it a mystery. The words used in the poem Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan are more vibrant than words used in the poem Search for My tongue. This is intended to give you a mental image of the clothes and the place at which as is living in. In Search For My Tongue the words tend to be darker and angrier this is so we can understand how she is feeling. Your mother tongue would Rot, Rot and die in your mouth as you can see these words are powerful and meaningful this is show we draw attention to what she is saying. Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan explores the theme of identity and places remembered, but Search For My Tongue explores the theme of identity through language and continues to use an extended metaphor throughout the poem by talking about a flower blossoming in her mouth when she is able to speak her mother tongue and explain how a flower dying in her mouth is what it feels like when she in un-able to speak with her mother tongue. Search for My Tongue uses cultural-specific words separate from the rest of the standard English used in the poem. This is to make sure that we pay more attention to the poem and try to understand why she has done it. In Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan she uses the cultural-specific words all over the place as if she doesnt know she is doing it and she expects you to know what the words mean already. An example of this would be Salwer Kameez which would mean nothing to a young English person but means a traditional garment to the people living in Pakistan. In the poem Search for My Tongue the words Spit It is a slight use of assonance, but there is no other in this poem. There is a miner use of alliteration in Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan such as Satin-Silken and Costume Clung. This makes these words stand out from the rest catching out eye. Neither of these poems contain personification. The feelings of the authors of the poems are similar in the way that they are sad about the loss of part of their identity. Search for My Tongue is asking the reader if she thinks they are to blame because she has lost part of her identity and isnt who she once was . This comes across to me as if she is saying How would you like it if this had happened to you?. She is very angry and doesnt blame herself for what has happened to her. The poem Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan is a much friendlier. It is like she is looking for help and is explaining her problem to us hoping that we can help her. Presents from my Aunts is explaining the situation. This means that all she is doing is talking to us but in Search for My Tongue is Telling us. This makes me feel as I am in trouble and that it is my fault for her identity problem. I feel as if the female writing Search for my Tongue is older than the poet who has written Presents From Aunts in Pakistan. This is due to the language used to write the poem and how the two poets express the way in which they feel about their situation. Both of these poems were interesting and were enjoyable to read. With the poem Search for My Tongue I as able to empathise because I feel the same about me losing my Scottish accent. I feel as if Search for My Tongues has a stronger contrast out of the two poems this is due to the fact that I think the poet is a stronger person and is able to deal with her situation on her own whereas the poet for Present From My aunts in Pakistan is not able to cope with her situation on her own. I felt as if Presents from My Aunts in Pakistan is easier for me to understand due to the language used in the poem. This is because the poet is a teenager like myself and I am able to see where she is coming from about having to were a piece of clothing which she is uncomfortable with. I can understand where Moniza Alvi is coming from because I feel I have the same problem with having to wear a school uniform even If I do not want to. These two poems made me think more about identity, I have learnt that identity can play an important part in our life and that we shouldnt take it for granted because one day you may lose part of it and may never be able to regain it.

French Conjunction Tant Que Doesnt Need Subjunctive

French Conjunction Tant Que Doesnt Need Subjunctive Tant que is a conjunctive phrase (locution conjonctive) that, unlike many other conjunctive phrases, does not need the subjunctive. It means as / so much as or as long as / while / since, depending on the context. Tant que is a phrase that communicates certainty and intensifies quantity, frequency, degree and the like. Thus, there is really no reason for the subjective subjunctive. Tant que tu es ici, tu peux maider. As long as / Since youre here, you can help me.Jai tant lu que jai mal aux yeux. I read so much that my eyes hurt.Il a tant manger, quil est malade. He ate so much that hes sick.Tant que tu es la, cherche mes lunettes. As long as / since youre here, look for my glasses.Tu peux rester tant que tu veux. You can stay as long as you want. Tant Que vs. Autant Que Do not confuse tant que  with autant que,  another conjunctive phrase that seems similar but is really more about equalizing and comparisons. It, too, is an adaptable and widely used phrase in French that has a number of possible meanings in English: as far as, as / so much as or as long as / while. So while tant que is about intensity, autant que is about balance. Autant que communicates conjecture and doubt, so the verb following it should be in the subjunctive, indicated in bold below: Autant que je me souvienne... As far as I remember...Autant que je vous le dise tout de suite. I may as well tell you right now. Other French Conjunctive Phrases A conjunctive phrase is a group of two or more words that function as a conjunction that links clauses. French conjunctive phrases end in que, and many, but not all, are subordinating conjunctions, rather than coordinating conjunctions, that require a subjunctive verb. One asterisk below indicates those that take the subjunctive. condition que*  Ã‚  provided thatafin que*  Ã‚  so thatainsi que  Ã‚  just as, so asalors que  Ã‚  while, whereasautant que* as far as / as much as / while mesure que  Ã‚  as (progressively) moins que**  Ã‚  unlessaprà ¨s que  Ã‚  after, when supposer que*  Ã‚  assuming thatau cas oà ¹Ã‚  Ã‚  in caseaussità ´t que  Ã‚  as soon asavant que**  Ã‚  beforebien que*  Ã‚  althoughdans lhypothà ¨se oà ¹Ã‚  Ã‚  in the event thatde crainte que**  Ã‚  for fear thatde faà §on que*  Ã‚  in such a way thatde manià ¨re que*  Ã‚  so thatde mà ªme que  Ã‚  just asde peur que**  for fear thatdepuis que  Ã‚  sincede sorte que*  Ã‚  so that, in such a way thatdà ¨s que  Ã‚  as soon asen admettant que*  Ã‚  assuming thaten attendant que*  Ã‚  while, untilencore que*  Ã‚  even thoughjusqu ce que*  Ã‚  untilparce que  Ã‚  becausependant que  Ã‚  whilepour que*  Ã‚  so thatpourvu que*  Ã‚  provided thatquand bien mà ªme  Ã‚  even though/ifquoi que*  Ã‚  whatever, no matter whatsans que**  Ã‚  withoutsità ´t que  Ã‚  as soon assupposà © que*  Ã‚  supposingtandis que  Ã‚  while, whereastant que  Ã‚  Ã‚  as long asvu que  Ã‚  seeing as/that *These conjunctions must be followed by the  subjunctive.**These conjunctions require the  subjunctive  as well as the  ne explà ©tif, a more formal negation that uses ne without pas. Additional Resources Tant Que vs. Autant QueFrench ConjunctionsThe SubjunctivatorQuiz: Subjunctive or indicative?

Disaster & Emergency Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Disaster & Emergency Planning - Essay Example Basically, in the times of emergencies, cooperation between different response agencies and the general public together becomes very important. The principle of information sharing would help the community and the response agencies to prepare in advance. The local responders should be given the duty of regular risk assessment. The risks can vary from flooding, storm, etc. to terrorist attacks and chemical accidents. During and after the disaster, business continuity becomes a key issue and the stakeholders involved should focus on it. Advice and assistance to business and voluntary organizations become important together with monitoring and enforcement (Schneid & Collins, 2001).In the UK, the Civil Contingencies Act (CCA) 2004 provides an important framework based on the principles of emergency planning. Emergency planning must involve a consistent level of civil protection activity based on the synchronization of the Category 1 and 2 responders. The framework provided by the Act doe s not aim to change the ways of civil protection radically. Instead, it provides that the emergency planning should be based on the existing processes and systems. The framework provides a common platform to the decentralized functionary of local responders who would act according to the local circumstances during a disaster. The Integrated Emergency Management (IEM) under the framework of CCA 2004 finally comprises of six activities: anticipation, assessment, prevention, preparation, response, and recovery. and recovery. (HM Government, 2005) However, it is still needed that the principles of emergency planning be more dynamic to address the problems of our social systems which are becoming more complex with the lapse of time. Interaction between public and response agencies should be steadily increased. Strategy for Communicating Risks The CCA 2004 provides clear directive that the response agencies should be agile enough to improve the community behaviour in the face of a disaste r. The responders must communicate the risks and provide accurate information to the community in time. There should be a warning and information system at the local level within the framework of CCA 2004. The duty

Web or Mobile System Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Web or Mobile System Paper - Essay Example There are different types of forms available that includes responses and Google results that can be emailed to anyone. Google will ask about the type of the document for example word document, presentation or spreadsheet if a new document is opened. Moreover, the documents are easily assembled into separate folders and can be restricted to specific users. The folders can be moved anywhere and can be prearranged according to the date or time. Google Docs provides enhanced editing options for the users that allow the modification of HTML or CSS. As it is a web page creator, if any user is not able to find any option for a precise effect from the standard menu option, HTML and CSS will be up to the task (Mendelson, 2011). It is easy to modify or edit a file but some users may find it difficult. HTML editing is also required to modify page numbers, page orientation or columns in the document. Moreover, drawings and images can also be modified; however, charts are not available in Google Documents. Furthermore, charts can be aligned to the left, right, below and up, as they cannot float. Organizations can also use Google Docs for their business by transforming stand-alone spreadsheets in to online documents that will considerably save the cost. Moreover, there are no operating system and hardware compatibility issues, as the application is easily accessible online. However, compatible web browser is required for accessing Go ogle docs. Google Docs homepage consist of a robust editor that includes all the features useful for the editing. A single menu bar is present that allows the users to add different font styles or text sizes into the document. As compare to Microsoft formatting options are reduced while the important options are still available for the users ease. The Google suite includes necessary tools that can help to create resumes, letters, thesis documents or other professional as, well as academic

Psychological Effects of Single Parent Family

Psychological Effects of Single Parent Family CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION The purpose of this project proposal is closely observer the psychosocial problems faced by adolescents from single mother families in the state of Selangor which has higher level of divorce and separation cases. Thus, the intent of this proposed study firstly is to identify, the influences of the family, social system and socioeconomic issues which cause the rise of psychosocial problems of the adolescents from single female parent families, such as anti-social behaviour. In that regard, there are three chapters in this project proposal. Chapter 1: Introduction, provide a discussion around the basic theme and problem statements which contribute to psychosocial problems of the adolescents. The purpose of qualitative research of face to face interview is to wear down the objectives acting upon the adolescents from single mother’s family. Chapter 2: Through the literature review extends the analysis and provokes an idea from the theories. Chapter 3: Qualitative research method of facial expression to face interviews were utilized to identify (N=5) adolescents from the age of fifteen to eighteen from single mother families, (N=5) of their mothers and (N=1) from the NGO, in order to interpret and explain the societal phenomenon of adolescent from single mother families. The determination is to address why anti-social behaviour occurs among adolescents from single mother families and also how to and implement methods to prevent and overcome anti-social behaviour among these adolescents, with the help and associate with the aid of others, such as, government, NGOs, relatives and friends. 1.1  Background of study The focus of the background study reveals increase as in separation and divorce levels due to several factors and influences. From previous studies, single parent family in Malaysia is growing faster than other family relationships. The arrangement of two parents in the family is broadly conceived as an accepted family, and the single parent family is known as a sort of non-accepted family. (Baharudin, R., Et al. Journal of comparative Family Studies, 2011). Established on the article from (Overturf, J. V., Downs, B., 2003) it states; parental monitoring is an important connection of adolescence risk behaviour. The full point of adolescence is really essential to the maturation of any person. The identifying features of this period make it unique from other aspects of development. It is a transitional period from childhood to maturity; it requires an atmosphere full of passion and understanding to do well. (Ajidahun, B. O., 2011). Therefore, adolescents from single mother families may experience peculiar psychological and emotional problems of separation anxiety, sorrow, anger, depression, aloneness, and poor sexual self-identity. (Meier, P.D. Minirth, F. B. el ta, 1991). Hence, the significance is likely employed in several risk behaviours, such as antisocial behaviour is high. Anti-social behaviour is considered a personality disorder and brings up to behaviour that lacks affection for others with a high chance of harming others without feeling guilty and an evident failing of most emotions. (Kalat, J.W., 2008). The development of antisocial behaviour among teens could be drug abuse, vandalism, bullying, and gangsterism. Nevertheless, based on studies (Lee et al., 2007; Chiah, 2009), it has been discovered that adolescent from single mother families were more frequently taken in social problem behaviours than their twins in two-parent households. Hence, the context of this background work is founded on face to face questionnaire, interviews in order to gather information that comprises samples of (N=5) adolescents from NGO residential home for the teenagers which residing in the City of Petaling Jaya, Selangor and (N=5) of their mothers and (N=1) from the residential dwelling. The interviews questionnaire is used to pack out the collection primary data in this field to assess the findings of the research. In addition, based on the qualitative analysis from the work of other researches on anti-social behaviour among these adolescents from single mother families, the factors highlight the realization of several reasons in this area. The important results of the conditional relation of this background study for the adolescents from single mother families seriously need more attention and counselling in the field that becomes problems for them. Parents attention is recommended as revealed in this study, the adolescents need a conducive environment where they can look for help and affirm to resolve their problems inside their families. Therefore, through the interview samples as well as the interpretation of literature and journals, and research has facilitated to improve and determine the levels of the different social classes’ problems. Aside from the discussion of background study, the following section in particular addresses the problem statements. 1.3  Problem Statements This research aims to identify the psychosocial problems of adolescents from single mother families. The issue of divorce and living in fatherless families, infidelity of husband and wife, financial issues, emotional and psychological problems and social stigma are some of the major ones. (Faizah bte Abd Ghani Azian Abd Aziz, 2013). Their troubles are often pushed under the carpet, but manifest in anti-social behaviour which includes poor academic performance, relationship with teachers, school mates, mother or father, siblings, relatives and the public at large. They also resort to anti-social activities including drinking, which frequently result in adolescent pregnancies. My study samples are (N=5) adolescents between the ages of fifteen to nineteen, (N=5) single mother and (N=1) from the residential homes for the teenage boys in the state of Petaling Jaya, Selangor. 1.5  Research Questions In this research, these are the questions which my research will be addressed: What are the psychosocial problems of the adolescents from single mother families? What are the factors that influence the development of adolescents from single  mother families? What is the mother involvement in psychosocial problems of their adolescent’s  development? To what extent the changes come about when the adolescents stay in the NGO  residential homes for the teenagers? These research questions are directed at seeing the chief objectives of this study, which look at the factor causing psychosocial problems, such as, anti-social behaviour in the adolescents from single mother families. 1.4  Research Objectives The intent of this proposed research objective is to limit the possible factors that carry the potential to delay the effective operation of the psychosocial problem of the adolescents from single mother families. It is also aimed at the objective as stated below: To find out the psychosocial problems among the adolescent. To identify the factors that influencing the development of adolescents from single  mother families. To find out what is the mother involvement in their adolescent’s development. To determine what is the mother involvement in psychosocial problem of their  adolescent’s development. To find out what extent the changes come about when the adolescents stay in the  NGO residential homes for the teenagers. 1.6  Study Contribution This research covers (a) The definition of a psychosocial problem among the adolescent from single mother families. (b) The factors of psychosocial problems. (c) The mother involvement in psychosocial problems of their adolescent’s development. (d) The changes occur when the adolescents stay at the NGO homes. The responses to the interview questions and samples will be held through from a residential home for the teenage boys which residing in the City of Petaling Jaya. This chapter closes the call for the proposed research in psychosocial problem among adolescents from single mother families. The financing will be gained from the scope, significance of the problems and aims. The next chapter of this research covers the pertinent literature, letting in the factors, causes and solutions. Additionally, the recommendations proposed will also be discussed, such as, with the psychosocial, socioeconomic and the ecological problems and also how the adolescents from single mother families can seriously consider living a better lifestyle?

Global Issues: Obesity, Inactivity, and Water-Crisis

Health is a precious gift that needs to be cherished. Unfortunately, there are three global issues that are destroying people’s health and killing them. These health concerns include inactivity, obesity and lack of safe drinking water. The positive side of these issues is the fact that they are all preventable through making the right decisions and taking action. Due to higher trends of sedentary lifestyles, inactivity has become one of the critical current global issues. Inactivity is defined as a failure to meet the daily minimum physical requirement of moderate exercise.According to New York Times, worldwide, 31. 1% of adults are inactive, from which 43. 4% of North America, 34. 8% of Europe, 30% of Russia, 30% of the Middle East, and 27% African. Based on these percentages, it is reasonable to assume that the wealthy the region is, the more inactive it is likely to be. Sedentary lifestyles have recently been linked to many health issues such as heart disease, Type 2 diabet es, colon cancer and breast cancer. As stated in the New York Times, globally, around 5. 3 million people die from health issues that are related to physical inactivity; however comparatively, 5. million people die due to health concerns that are related to smoking. It is unfortunate that people do not understand the magnitude of the importance of physical activity due to the fact that inactivity is as deadly as smoking cigarettes. In the United States, inactivity level is the highest in the world, which makes it an undeniable concern. The average American lifestyle consists of driving to work, sitting at a desk all day, then sitting in front of a computer or a TV screen until falling asleep. The common trend of this routine is a lot of sitting and very little exercise.Although, the good news is that health issues correlated with inactivity can be easily prevented by meeting the minimum exercise requirement, which is a twenty-minute walk per day. Additionally, as for worldwide preve ntion, governmental intervention may be necessary. Some examples are to build more parks, promote the importance of exercise, and set up financial incentives. Obesity is another growing global concern, which is defined as an â€Å"abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health,† which is caused by an â€Å"energy imbalance between calories consumed and calories expended. According to the World Health Organization, as of 2008, there are 1. 4 billion adults that are overweight, of which 200 million men and 300 million women were obese. Obesity is the fifth leading risk for deaths around the world; around 2. 8 million adults each year die due to health issues concerning being overweight or obese. Some medical conditions are cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and several types of cancers. Globally, obesity has been a growing concern, due to consumption of high calorie processed foods. In addition, an increased level of inactivity adds to the growing number of obese people.The bright side of obesity is that it is very easily preventable. On an individual level, obesity can be prevented by limited intake of highly calorie processed foods, increased intake of fresh produce such as vegetables and fruit, and regular exercise. The United States, also known as the fattest country in the world, has been battling with the growing issue of obesity. The fast pace and busy lifestyle does not help this fast food loving society. American’s love for McDonalds, Burger King, KFC, and other fast food joints is not helping the battle with the expanding waistlines.In response to this concern, there have been several preventable initiates, such as Michelle Obama’s â€Å"Let’s Move† campaign that aims to teach kids the importance of eating healthy and exercising regularly. Overall, obesity is a fast growing concern but it can be prevented by the correct actions, knowledge and initiatives. Furthermore, the lack of safe drinking water is another critical global concern. According to WHO, unsafe drinking water causes diarrhea, malaria, malnutrition, lymphatic filariasis, and trachoma.The availability of safe drinking water is the essential to staying healthy. The human body is made up of mostly water; thus, to stay healthy, we require clean water just as much as we need proper nutrients from food. The developing areas of the world have the lowest availability of safe cleaning water due to insuffient governmental capital funds. However, clean water concern is not limited to only really poor areas such as Africa and Southeast Asia. Eastern European countries are also suffering from the problem of not having clean drinking water.From my own experience of living in Kiev, Ukraine, the water that comes out of the faucet is pigmented yellow and is not recommended for drinking. There, most people opt for drinking only bottled water. The good news about the issue of unsafe drinking water is the fact that according to the WHO, â€Å"89% of the world’s population had some form of improved water supply. † In order to continue improving the world’s water supply, local governments need to invest in necessary precautions to make the drinking water safe, such as distributing water filters, water bottles, and building protected dug wells.Overall, the three current issues that are affecting global health are inactivity, obesity and lack of safe drinking water. A person cannot be healthy if they sit around all day, consuming more calories than their body knows what to do with and drink contaminated, dirty water. Physical activity, healthy eating patterns and clean water are essential to our everyday health; thus, actions need to be taken at the individual and governmental level in order to save and prolong human lives on this planet. Works Cited â€Å"How does safe water impact global health? † WHO. 9 Sept. 2012 . â€Å"Obesity and overweight. † WHO. 19 Sept. 2012 . â€Å"The C ouch Potato Goes Global. † Well. 19 Sept. 2012 . â€Å"Water-related diseases. † WHO. 19 Sept. 2012 . â€Å"Water, sanitation and hygiene. † WHO. 19 Sept. 2012 .

Personal Identity Who Are You Essay - 1399 Words

Identity, an ambiguous idea, plays an important part in today’s world. To me identity can be defined as who a person is or what differentiates one person from another. Identity would be a person’s name, age, height, ethnicity, personality, and more. A quote by Anne Sexton states â€Å"It doesnt matter who my father was; it matters who I remember he was†(Anne Sexton). This quote helps me define identity because I believe it is saying that identity is what people are remembered by. When some people think of identity, words such as, uniqueness, distinctiveness, or individuality may come to mind. However, I disagree with this because when I think of identity I think of mimicry, self-consciousness, or opinions. I think of words such†¦show more content†¦Your personality and actions will become very much alike and at times may not differ. So if people want to see what they act like they can most likely observe an old and close friend. A person’s culture would be an example of how identity is patterned or mimicked. One definition of culture that I agree with corresponds to The Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition which states that â€Å"culture is defined as the shared patterns of behaviors and interactions, affective understanding that is learned through a process of socialization, and distinguishing one from another†(Maximizing Study 1). In other words, culture can be copied within the same cultural group, but it still distinguishes one cultural group from another. An example of culture being patterned would be in â€Å"The Necklace† by Guy de Maupassant. In the story a character is born into a poor family. When the character grows up she is still poor. But she envisions herself becoming rich and she does this by wearing a diamond necklace, that she thinks is real. So the pattern would be that she lives a life of poverty and so did her parents. 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ESL Practice Using Would Like to Order in a Restaurant

One of the most important tasks in English is ordering food at  a restaurant. In general, use the form Id like ... when ordering food in a restaurant. A common question for someone taking an order is What would you like for ....   Example   Peter: Hello, Id like a table for lunch please.Host: Certainly, right this way.Peter: Thank you. Im really hungry! (sits down)Host: Enjoy your meal!Waitperson: Hello, My name is Kim. How can I help you?Peter: Yes, I would like to have some lunch.Waitperson: Great. Would you like a starter?Peter: Yes, Id like a salad.Waitperson: What else would you like?Peter: Id like some spaghetti. Is it good?Waitperson: Yes, its very good. Would you like something to drink?Peter: Yes, Id like a glass of root beer, please.Waitperson: Certainly. Is there anything else I can do for you?Peter: Yes, I cant read this menu. How much is the spaghetti?Waitperson: Its $5.50, and the salad is $3.25.Peter: Thank you. Notice how the waitperson asks: What would you like? and Kim responds: Id like ... Would like is the polite form used when asking and requesting. Would like can be used in the question form to make an offer: Would you like a cup of tea?Would you like something to eat? Would like can also be used to make a request.   Id like a hamburger, please.I would like something to drink, please. Notice that would like is shortened to Id like. This is an example of a contraction.   Practice Exercise Fill in the gaps in this dialogue using key words and phrases youve learned with would like to order in a restaurant. Waiter: Hello, Can I help you?Kim: Yes, _____ to have some lunch.Waiter: _____ a starter?Kim: Yes, Id like a bowl of chicken soup, .Waiter: And what _____ for a main course?Kim: Id like a grilled cheese sandwich.Waiter: _____ like a drink?Kim: Yes, _____ a glass of Coke, please.Waiter (After Kim has her lunch): Can I bring you anything else?Kim: No thank you. Just the check.Waiter: Certainly.Kim: I dont have my glasses. _____ is the lunch?Waiter: Thats $6.75.Kim: Thank you very much.Waiter: Youre _____. Have a good day.Kim: Thank you, the same to you.   Answers Waiter: Hello, Can I help you?Kim: Yes, Id like to have some lunch.Waiter: Would you like a starter?Kim: Yes, Id like a bowl of chicken soup, please.Waiter: And what would you like for a main course?Kim: Id like a grilled cheese sandwich.Waiter: Would you like anything to drink?Kim: Yes, Id like a glass of Coke, please.Waiter (after Kim has her lunch): Can I bring you anything else?Kim: No thank you. Just the bill.Waiter: Certainly.Kim: I dont have my glasses. How much is the lunch?Waiter: Thats $6.75.Kim: Here you are. Thank you very much.Waiter: Youre welcome. Have a good day.Kim: Thank you, the same to you.